Diferans ant PAST SIMPLE ak PAST PERFECT an anglè

 

Pou fè diferans ant 2 tan sa yo, fòw konn pase w byen. 

PAST SIMPLE

Premyèman, past simple, itilize pou montre yon aksyon oubyen yon evènman ki fèl lan pase ki rete lan pase. Li pa gen anyen pou wè ak prezan ni fiti. 

Fòmil li senp:

si gw gen to be ( am, is, are) li chanje an ( was, ak were) o pase. 

Si wgade lan lis vèb ki pi wo yo, w'ap wè. 

eat chanje an ate ak play chanje an played. 

Men pou fòm negatif ak entèwogatif, ou f¡dwe itilize oksilyè DID. 

Men se sèl vèb TO BE ki pa lan fòmil sa, ki se:

-entèwogatif: did +sijè + vèb prensipal `objè?  Ex: did you eat rice with lalo?

-negatif: sijè + did + not + vèb prensipal `objè? Ex: they did not drink milk yesterday.

Men lan ka to be:

li pi fasil: ki se:

Afimatif: I was in the beach. 

Neg: i was not in the beach. 

Entèwo:  Was i in the beach?

PAST PERFECT

Dezyéman, past perfect la, sinyifi yon aksyon oubyen yon evènman ki fèt lan pase, men li fèt avan past simple a. Sa vle di, si w gen 2 aksyon lan pase, youn o past simple, e lòt la o past perfect. Aksyon ki fèt avèk past perfect la, pase avan aksyon kite fèt avan past simple a. Tou 2 se past men youn toujou pase avan lòt. Sa vle di, past perfect toujou pase avan past simple a.

Men koman ou dwe fè past perfect la. Pou sa fèt, fò w konnen sa yo rele past participle a.

Par egzanp si w gen yon vèb iregilye kom:

present simple                   past simple            past perfect

eat                                      ate                         eaten

speak                                 spoke                     spoken

drink                                  drank                     drunk

go/goes                              went                      gone

be (am/is/are)                    was/were               been

Pa egzanp si w gen yon vèb regilye kom:

present simple                     past simple                 past perfect

play                                     played                         played

study                                   studied                        studied

Ou ka idantifye, past participle a, an koulè vè klè pi wo a.

Si nou aplike fòmil la n'ap genyen:

Fòmil li senp anpil, ki se: sijè + had + past participle. 

Se yon vèb ki konbine li ye, sa rele "compound tense" ou tan konbine  an anglè. Men pou fè l, fò w konn koman yo fè past participle. San past participle, pa gen past perfect.

sijè + had+ past participle. 

Ex: I  had eaten. 

      She had played. 

P bliye, lan `fom negatif ou annit met NOT aprè have ak has. 

Lan fòm entèwogatif la ou chanje sijè a pozisyon. 

Neg: sijè + had + not + past participle. Ex: i had not eaten. / she had not played.

Entèwo: had + sijè + past participle? Ex: had you eaten?  had she played?

Konnye a, nou pran konbine 2 aksyon lan yon sèl fraz. Youn ap gen past simple, lòt la ap gen past perfect. 

Ex: i had eaten my food before i went to bed.

men sa sa vle di:

I had eaten my food ( aksyon avan)

I went to bed ( aksyon aprè)

Sa vle di, aksyon" i had eaten lan" te pase avan aksyon " i went to bed la".

Prof. Méronville  Luckenson